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e:181017 kfood (2023-11-04 10:18:52)
由于CO2是植物光合作用的底物,短期高CO2浓度将影响植物的光合作用,但不同 碳代谢途径的植物对CO2浓度升高的反应不同。短期高CO2处理增加了C3植物的光合 速率和净光合产物量,可使植物光合速率平均提高约52%[2]。其原因在于:(1)在目前大 气CO2浓度下,Rubisco没有被CO2所饱和;(2)光呼吸过程受到抑制[3]。CO2对光呼吸的 抑制作用对提高光合速率可能是非常重要的,光合产物的增加可能是由于减少对光合产 物的氧化,不受Rubisco或RuBP再生的限制。试验表明,长期高浓度CO2对植物光合速率的促进会随着时间的延长而渐渐消失, 这种现象称为植物对CO2的光合适应现象(photosynthetic acclimation)。光合适应现象 最为直观的证据是生长在高CO2浓度下的植物在正常CO2浓度下测定时,其光合速率低 于正常CO2浓度下生长的植物的光合速率[2]。发生光合适应的植物通常对CO2的羧化能 力降低,在其叶片中有淀粉和蔗糖的积累并伴有Rubisco的含量下降。
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